Which of the following is a contraindicated action for patients at risk of pressure injuries?

Massaging red skin over bony prominences is contraindicated for patients at risk of pressure injuries because it can cause further damage to already compromised tissue. When skin is red, it indicates that there is increased blood flow and possible early signs of pressure injury. Massage in these areas can potentially exacerbate the inflammation and lead to further tissue injury by causing more pressure and irritation to the delicate skin and underlying structures.

In contrast, using a 30-degree lateral positioning, encouraging frequent weight shifts, and turning bedbound patients every two hours are all actions intended to relieve pressure on bony prominences, promote circulation, and maintain skin integrity, which are crucial in preventing pressure injuries. These practices are recommended to help redistribute weight and minimize the risk of pressure ulcer formation.